Rich video codec Trojan

Posted by Emma Adrian in Blog Latest Spyware News, Latest Spyware Threats, Recent Articles, Top Spyware Threats, Trojans on March 16th, 2009 | Leave a comment
TAGS: , ,

What is Rich video codec Trojan?
Rich video codec Trojan is a backdoor Trojan distributed under innocent names of video codecs. Rich video codec Trojan uses a common tactic used by hackers to sneak trojan infections onto computers on the internet. It usually tricks users into downloading the malicious file by stating that you need Rich video codec Trojan in order to play a video.

Rich video codec Trojan may also install additional malicious components to your web browser such as a toolbar called The Bonrep Toolbar. Rich Video Codec Trojan is a threat to person’s privacy and security. It lowers security settings and this gives a green light to further infections. Rich Video Codec may also download other malwares on its own.

Do you have Rich video codec Trojan?
If you have enough time and expertise, you can search your computer for Rich video codec Trojan manually. However, it might take hours to find out all files of Htepo Virus, and it is possible that Rich video codec Trojan will appear after rebooting, for its hidden files may still be there.

Download automatic scanner for Rich video codec Trojan
Spyware Cease – the technology-oriented security protection that provides a risk-free computing environment for your home and office – with detection, removal and guard in one intuitive and straight-forward interface. Only Spyware Cease gives you individual fix against the most dangerous spyware problems.

Manual Rich video codec Trojan removal instructions
WARNING: The manually removal method is for advanced users. Rich video codec Trojan manually removal can be difficult and time-consuming. There is no guarantee that Rich video codec Trojan can be completely removed, for there are hundreds of files generated when Rich video codec Trojan installed on your system. Make sure to back up your computer in case that you make any mistakes and your system does not work.

Follow the instruction below for Rich video codec Trojan removal manually:

Navigate and stop Rich video codec Trojan processes:
monhop.exe
ttvbonnlq.exe
videoaccesscodecinstall.exe

Navigate and Unregister Rich video codec Trojan DLL Files:
viruscleaner.dll
codecbho.dll
werbetgxd.dll
richvideocodec.dll
pmkret.dll
multiloader.dll
hdtip.dll
gormet.dll

Navigate and Remove Rich video codec Trojan registry values:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\RichVideoCodec
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\VideoPlugin

Navigate and Delete Rich video codec Trojan files:
codecbho.dll
gormet.dll
hdtip.dll
monhop.exe
multiloader.dll
pmkret.dll
richvideocodec.dll
richvideocodec.ocx
ttvbonnlq.exe
videoaccesscodecinstall.exe
werbetgxd.dll
%program_files%\richvideocodec\install.ico
%program_files%\richvideocodec\richvideocodec.ocx
%program_files%\richvideocodec\uninstall.exe
%system%\codecbho.dll
%windows%\downloaded program files\viruscleaner.dll
%windows%\downloaded program files\viruscleaner.dll
%system%\codecbho.dll
werbetgxd.dll
richvideocodec.dll
pmkret.dll
multiloader.dll
hdtip.dll
gormet.dll
monhop.exe
ttvbonnlq.exe
videoaccesscodecinstall.exe
%program_files%\richvideocodec\uninstall.exe

What are the symptoms of Rich video codec Trojan?

  • Rich video codec Trojan may be distributed under innocent names of video codec
  • Rich video codec Trojan may sneak Trojan infections onto computers on the internet
  • Rich video codec Trojan may install additional malicious components to your web browser
  • Rich video codec Trojan may lower security settings
  • Rich video codec Trojan may decrease system performance

How do I keep away from Rich video codec Trojan?
Once you have cleaned up Rich video codec Trojan, the most important point to prevent Rich video codec Trojan and future malicious programs from reverting is to stay suspicious of spam E-mail attachment and unknown websites. Here are several ways in which you can help protect your computer against Rich video codec Trojan and other malware:

  • Use a computer firewall
  • Confirm that you have downloaded all the latest critical security updates
  • Adjust Internet Explorer web browser’s security settings
  • Download and install anti-spyware protection, such as, Spyware Cease
  • Surf sites and download programs from the web sites you trust

What is Trojan?
Rich video codec Trojan is a type of Trojan.

Trojan is a general term for malicious program that sneaks into PC system without the user’s permission. Most Trojans exhibit some forms of hostile or malicious behaviors. They can contain a virus, a password grabber or they can be a RAT (Remote Access Trojan) that is designed to allow remote control over your system. Some Trojans contain built in scanners that automatically scan the Network from your computer, looking for another copies of themselves.

As told in the Aeneid by Virgil and mentioned in the Odyssey by Homer, the term Trojan comes from Greek mythology about the Trojan War. According to legend, the Greeks presented the citizens of Troy with a large wooden horse in which they had secretly hidden their warriors. During the night, the warriors emerged from the wooden horse and overran the city.

Nowadays, Trojan is flooding on the Internet, and a Trojan may be widely redistributed as part of a computer virus. Therefore, Trojan has been one of the leading causes of computer breakings.

Trojan.Agent.agsb

Posted by Emma Adrian in Blog Latest Spyware News, Latest Spyware Threats, Recent Articles, Top Spyware Threats, Trojans on March 12th, 2009 | Leave a comment
TAGS: , ,

What is Trojan.Agent.agsb?
Trojan.Agent.agsb is a malicious Trojan infection that tends to be installed onto a computer via a web browser security exploit, and without the user’s awareness. Trojan.Agent.agsb thrives on connecting to remote sources through the internet where a remote attack could perform illegal or malicious actions through your computer. Trojan.Agent.agsb can also further infect computers by downloading additional threats from a remote server. Your computer’s files and personal information is at serious risk of being stolen or compromised, should a computer system have Trojan.Agent.agsb present.

Do you have Trojan.Agent.agsb?
If you have enough time and expertise, you can search your computer for Trojan.Agent.agsb manually. However, it might take hours to find out all files of Trojan.Agent.agsb, and it is possible that Trojan.Agent.agsb will appear after rebooting, for its hidden files may still be there.

Download automatic scanner for Trojan.Agent.agsb
Spyware Cease – the technology-oriented security protection that provides a risk-free computing environment for your home and office – with detection, removal and guard in one intuitive and straight-forward interface. Only Spyware Cease gives you individual fix against the most dangerous spyware problems.

Manual Trojan.Agent.agsb removal instructions
WARNING: The manually removal method is for advanced users. Trojan.Agent.agsb manually removal can be difficult and time-consuming. There is no guarantee that Trojan.Agent.agsb can be completely removed, for there are hundreds of files generated when Trojan.Agent.agsb installed on your system. Make sure to back up your computer in case that you make any mistakes and your system does not work.

Follow the instruction below for Trojan.Agent.agsb removal manually:

Navigate and stop Trojan.Agent.agsb processes:
systeminit.exe
%USERPROFILE%\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\systeminit.exe

Navigate and Unregister Trojan.Agent.agsb DLL Files:
N/A

Navigate and Remove Trojan.Agent.agsb registry values:
N/A

Navigate and Delete Trojan.Agent.agsb files:
N/A

What are the symptoms of Trojan.Agent.agsb?

  • Trojan.Agent.agsb may be installed onto a computer via a web browser security exploit
  • Trojan.Agent.agsb may allow a remote attack to perform illegal or malicious actions through your computer
  • Trojan.Agent.agsb may infect computers by downloading additional threats from a remote server
  • Trojan.Agent.agsb may put your computer’s files and personal information at serious risk
  • Trojan.Agent.agsb may decrease system performance

How do I keep away from Trojan.Agent.agsb?
Once you have cleaned up Trojan.Agent.agsb, the most important point to prevent Trojan.Agent.agsb and future malicious programs from reverting is to stay suspicious of spam E-mail attachment and unknown websites. Here are several ways in which you can help protect your computer against Trojan.Agent.agsb and other malware:

  • Use a computer firewall
  • Confirm that you have downloaded all the latest critical security updates
  • Adjust Internet Explorer web browser’s security settings
  • Download and install anti-spyware protection, such as, Spyware Cease
  • Surf sites and download programs from the web sites you trust

What is Trojan?
Trojan.Agent.agsb is a type of Trojan.

Trojan is a general term for malicious program that sneaks into PC system without the user’s permission. Most Trojans exhibit some forms of hostile or malicious behaviors. They can contain a virus, a password grabber or they can be a RAT (Remote Access Trojan) that is designed to allow remote control over your system. Some Trojans contain built in scanners that automatically scan the Network from your computer, looking for another copies of themselves.

As told in the Aeneid by Virgil and mentioned in the Odyssey by Homer, the term Trojan comes from Greek mythology about the Trojan War. According to legend, the Greeks presented the citizens of Troy with a large wooden horse in which they had secretly hidden their warriors. During the night, the warriors emerged from the wooden horse and overran the city.

Nowadays, Trojan is flooding on the Internet, and a Trojan may be widely redistributed as part of a computer virus. Therefore, Trojan has been one of the leading causes of computer breakings.

Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh

Posted by Emma Adrian in Blog Latest Spyware Threats, Recent Articles, Top Spyware Threats, Trojans on March 11th, 2009 | Leave a comment
TAGS: , ,

What is Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh?
Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh is an extremely dangerous computer Trojan infection that may download and install other malware from the internet onto your computer. Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh usually performs these malicious actions without any notice or user’s permission. Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh may also infringe users’ privacy by collecting and misusing user’s personal and important information like passwords and user names.

Do you have Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh?
If you have enough time and expertise, you can search your computer for Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh manually. However, it might take hours to find out all files of Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh, and it is possible that Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh will appear after rebooting, for its hidden files may still be there.

Download automatic scanner for Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh
Spyware Cease – the technology-oriented security protection that provides a risk-free computing environment for your home and office – with detection, removal and guard in one intuitive and straight-forward interface. Only Spyware Cease gives you individual fix against the most dangerous spyware problems.

Manual Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh removal instructions
WARNING: The manually removal method is for advanced users. Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh manually removal can be difficult and time-consuming. There is no guarantee that Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh can be completely removed, for there are hundreds of files generated when Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh installed on your system. Make sure to back up your computer in case that you make any mistakes and your system does not work.

Follow the instruction below for Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh removal manually:

Navigate and stop Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh process:
%SYSTEMROOT%\\vxsjrpxx.exe

Navigate and Unregister Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh DLL Files:
N/A

Navigate and Remove Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh registry values:
N/A

Navigate and Delete Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh files:
N/A

What are the symptoms of Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh?

  • Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh may download and install other malware onto your computer
  • Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh may perform these malicious actions without user’s permission
  • Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh may collect and misuse user’s personal and important information
  • Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh may slow down computer process
  • Trojan Downloader Small.agbh may decrease system performance

How do I keep away from Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh?
Once you have cleaned up Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh, the most important point to prevent Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh and future malicious programs from reverting is to stay suspicious of spam E-mail attachment and unknown websites. Here are several ways in which you can help protect your computer against Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh and other malware:

  • Use a computer firewall
  • Confirm that you have downloaded all the latest critical security updates
  • Adjust Internet Explorer web browser’s security settings
  • Download and install anti-spyware protection, such as, Spyware Cease
  • Surf sites and download programs from the web sites you trust

What is Trojan?
Trojan.Downloader.Small.agbh is a type of Trojan.

Trojan is a general term for malicious program that sneaks into PC system without the user’s permission. Most Trojans exhibit some forms of hostile or malicious behaviors. They can contain a virus, a password grabber or they can be a RAT (Remote Access Trojan) that is designed to allow remote control over your system. Some Trojans contain built in scanners that automatically scan the Network from your computer, looking for another copies of themselves.

As told in the Aeneid by Virgil and mentioned in the Odyssey by Homer, the term Trojan comes from Greek mythology about the Trojan War. According to legend, the Greeks presented the citizens of Troy with a large wooden horse in which they had secretly hidden their warriors. During the night, the warriors emerged from the wooden horse and overran the city.

Nowadays, Trojan is flooding on the Internet, and a Trojan may be widely redistributed as part of a computer virus. Therefore, Trojan has been one of the leading causes of computer breakings.

Win32/Cutwail.GF

Posted by Emma Adrian in Blog Latest Spyware Threats, Recent Articles, Top Spyware Threats, Trojans on February 12th, 2009 | Leave a comment
TAGS: , ,

What is Win32/Cutwail.GF?
Win32/Cutwail.GF is a Trojan with rootkit functionality that can modify the system’s winlogon.exe file. It may be used to download and execute arbitrary files, either by saving them to disk, or by injecting them into other processes. At the same time, these files were used to send bulk e-mail, and to update Cutwail to the latest variant.

Win32/Cutwail.GF is also know as: Win32/Cutwail.GF[CA AV], Downloader[Symantec], TrojanDownloader:Win32/Cutwail.S[MS Onecare], W32/Downldr2.BXDR[F-Prot], Troj/DownLD-Z[Sophos], TROJ_DLOADER.AMT[TREND].

Do you have Win32/Cutwail.GF?
If you have enough time and expertise, you can search your computer for Win32/Cutwail.GF manually. However, it might take hours to find out all files of Win32/Cutwail.GF, and it is possible that Win32/Cutwail.GF will appear after rebooting, for its hidden files may still be there.

Download automatic scanner for Win32/Cutwail.GF
Spyware Cease – the technology-oriented security protection that provides a risk-free computing environment for your home and office – with detection, removal and guard in one intuitive and straight-forward interface. Only Spyware Cease gives you individual fix against the most dangerous spyware problems.

Manual Win32/Cutwail.GF removal instructions
WARNING: The manually removal method is for advanced users. Win32/Cutwail.GF manually removal can be difficult and time-consuming. There is no guarantee that Win32/Cutwail.GF can be completely removed, for there are hundreds of files generated when Win32/Cutwail.GF installed on your system. Make sure to back up your computer in case that you make any mistakes and your system does not work.

Follow the instruction below for Win32/Cutwail.GF removal manually:

Navigate and stop Win32/Cutwail.GF processes:
N/A

Navigate and Unregister Win32/Cutwail.GF DLL Files:
%system%\winnt32.dll

Navigate and Remove Win32/Cutwail.GF registry values:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\notify\winnt32
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\notify\winnt32 asynchronous
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\notify\winnt32 dllname
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\notify\winnt32 id
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\notify\winnt32 impersonate
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\notify\winnt32 startshell
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr nextinstance
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000 class
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000 classguid
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000 configflags
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000 devicedesc
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000 legacy
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000 service
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000\control *newlycreated*
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\enum\root\legacy_tcpsr\0000\control activeservice
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr errorcontrol
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr imagepath
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr start
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr type
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr\enum 0
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr\enum count
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr\enum nextinstance
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\system\currentcontrolset\services\tcpsr\security security

Navigate and Delete Win32/Cutwail.GF files:
bn25.tmp
tcpsr.sys
winnt32.dll
%system%\winnt32.dll
x-saver.exe
%system%\drivers\tcpsr.sys
%system%\windata.cab
%system%\winnt32.dll
x-saver.exe

What are the symptoms of Win32/Cutwail.GF?

  • Win32/Cutwail.GF may modify system file with rootkit functionality
  • Win32/Cutwail.GF may download and execute arbitrary files
  • Win32/Cutwail.GF may decrease the system performance
  • Win32/Cutwail.GF may slow down computer processing

How do I keep away from Win32/Cutwail.GF?
Once you have cleaned up Win32/Cutwail.GF, the most important point to prevent Win32/Cutwail.GF and future malicious programs from reverting is to stay suspicious of spam E-mail attachment and unknown websites. Here are several ways in which you can help protect your computer against Win32/Cutwail.GF and other malware:

  • Use a computer firewall
  • Confirm that you have downloaded all the latest critical security updates
  • Adjust Internet Explorer web browser’s security settings
  • Download and install anti-spyware protection, such as, Spyware Cease
  • Surf sites and download programs from the web sites you trust

What is Trojan?
Win32/Cutwail.GF is a type of Trojan.

Trojan is a general term for malicious program that sneaks into PC system without the user’s permission. Most Trojans exhibit some forms of hostile or malicious behaviors. They can contain a virus, a password grabber or they can be a RAT (Remote Access Trojan) that is designed to allow remote control over your system. Some Trojans contain built in scanners that automatically scan the Network from your computer, looking for another copies of themselves.

As told in the Aeneid by Virgil and mentioned in the Odyssey by Homer, the term Trojan comes from Greek mythology about the Trojan War. According to legend, the Greeks presented the citizens of Troy with a large wooden horse in which they had secretly hidden their warriors. During the night, the warriors emerged from the wooden horse and overran the city.

Nowadays, Trojan is flooding on the Internet, and a Trojan may be widely redistributed as part of a computer virus. Therefore, Trojan has been one of the leading causes of computer breakings.

kxvo.exe

Posted by elise in Blog Latest Spyware News, Latest Spyware Threats, Recent Articles, Trojans, Tutorials on February 8th, 2009 | Leave a comment
TAGS: , , ,

What is kxvo.exe?

Kxvo.exe is Trojan/Backdoor that spreads from partition, including removable drives. Once installed on PC system, this virus copies the infection file named “autorun.inf” periodically, which reverts automatically whenever PC startup  even though being removed from a partition. Moreover, Kxvo.exe deletes other processes from disks and modifies Windows initialization and system configurations.

Do you have kxvo.exe?
If you have enough time and expertise, you can search your computer for kxvo.exe manually. However, it might take hours to find out all files of kxvo.exe, and it is possible that kxvo.exe will appear after rebooting, for its hidden files may still be there.

Download automatic scanner for kxvo.exe
Spyware Cease – the technology-oriented security protection that provides a risk-free computing environment for your home and office – with detection, removal and guard in one intuitive and straight-forward interface. Only Spyware Cease gives you individual fix against the most dangerous spyware problems.

Manual kxvo.exe removal instructions
WARNING: The manually removal method is for advanced users. kxvo.exe manually removal can be difficult and time-consuming. There is no guarantee that kxvo.exe can be completely removed, for there are hundreds of files generated when kxvo.exe installed on your system. Make sure to back up your computer in case that you make any mistakes and your system does not work.

Follow the instructions below for kxvo.exe removal manually:

Navigate and stop the kxvo.exe processes:
kxvo.exe

Navigate and delete kxvo.exe files:
%System%\kxvo.exe
%Temp%\dwg3gngs.exe
%Temp%\kxvo.exe
%Temp%\new folder\ufjtre.exe
%Temp%\o2g.exe
%Temp%\ufjtre.exe
c:\0liyv.com
c:\1p1f1x.com
c:\32.com
c:\3g.com
c:\3hmhv2k.com
c:\63.com
c:\6qaiu.com
c:\9jjh.com
c:\al8u.com
c:\apj.com
c:\b.com
c:\bhbcdd29.exe
c:\cm.com
c:\cunuqem1.com
c:\dwg3gngs.exe
c:\e.com
c:\e2u.exe
c:\fksvjygh.exe
c:\gsjwyue.com
c:\h8txw.exe
c:\io.com
c:\no.com
c:\o2g.exe
c:\ojbss9gv.com
c:\p3.exe
c:\q3v.com
c:\qyq826j2.com
c:\rsbrj.exe
c:\tkvfd03.exe
c:\ufjtre.exe
c:\ut.com
c:\vl.com
c:\vyi.exe
c:\w1hva13.exe
c:\w2ngo.com
c:\wk.exe
c:\wpfdd.exe
c:\y0gcubk.exe

Navigate and remove kxvo.exe registry keys
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run kxva C:\WINDOWS\system32\kxvo.exe
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced Hidden value:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced ShowSuperHidden value:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer NoDriveTypeAutoRun [REG_DWORD, value: 00000091]

What are the symptoms of kxvo.exe?

  • kxvo.exe may create a new background service on the machine
  • kxvo.exe may load and execute a system driver file
  • kxvo.exe may delete other processes from disk
  • kxvo.exe may register a dynamic link library file
  • kxvo.exe may inject code into other processes
  • kxvo.exe may modify Windows initialization and system settings used on start up

How do I keep away from kxvo.exe
Once you have cleaned up kxvo.exe, the most important point to prevent kxvo.exe and future malicious programs from reverting is to stay suspicious of spam E-mail attachment and unknown websites. Here are several ways in which you can help protect your computer against kxvo.exe and other malware:

  • Use a computer firewall
  • Confirm that you have downloaded all the latest critical security updates
  • Adjust Internet Explorer web browser’s security settings
  • Download and install anti-spyware protection, such as, Spyware Cease
  • Surf sites and download programs from the web sites you trust

What is Trojan?

kxvo.exe is a type of Trojan.

Trojan is a general term for malicious program that sneaks into PC system without the user’s permission. Most Trojans exhibit some forms of hostile or malicious behaviors. They can contain a virus, a password grabber or they can be a RAT (Remote Access Trojan) that is designed to allow remote control over your system. Some Trojans contain built in scanners that automatically scan the Network from your computer, looking for another copies of themselves.

As told in the Aeneid by Virgil and mentioned in the Odyssey by Homer, the term Trojan comes from Greek mythology about the Trojan War. According to legend, the Greeks presented the citizens of Troy with a large wooden horse in which they had secretly hidden their warriors. During the night, the warriors emerged from the wooden horse and overran the city.

Nowadays, Trojan is flooding on the Internet, and a Trojan may be widely redistributed as part of a computer virus. Therefore, Trojan has been one of the leading causes of computer breakings.